World's Hottest Chilli

For chilli enthusiasts and spice aficionados, the quest for the hottest chilli in the world is a never-ending pursuit. Over the years, chilli breeders have experimented with crossbreeding to develop peppers that pack an ever-increasing punch. Recently, the Pepper X claimed the title of the world's hottest chilli, dethroning the Carolina Reaper. But how was this fiery chilli created, and what makes it so incredibly hot? In this post, we’ll explore the origins of Pepper X, the science behind its intense heat, and the competition among chilli breeders to produce the world’s spiciest peppers.

Pepper X: The Hottest Chilli in the World

The Pepper X, with an astonishing peak heat level of 3,180,000 Scoville Heat Units (SHU), is now recognised as the hottest chilli pepper in the world. Developed by Ed Currie, the same chilli breeder who created the Carolina Reaper, Pepper X was officially declared the hottest pepper by Guinness World Records in 2023. Its extreme heat far surpasses that of its predecessor, the Carolina Reaper, which had an average heat level of 1,641,183 SHU.

How Was Pepper X Created?

Pepper X is the result of years of crossbreeding by Ed Currie, founder of the PuckerButt Pepper Company in South Carolina, USA. After achieving global recognition with the Carolina Reaper, Currie aimed to push the boundaries even further. Through careful selection and cross-pollination of some of the hottest chilli varieties, he developed Pepper X, a pepper with a heat level that was previously thought to be unattainable.

Pepper X was bred specifically for its high capsaicin content—the chemical compound responsible for the heat in chillies. This pepper combines extreme heat with a more complex flavour profile, including hints of citrus and earthy undertones. However, its overwhelming spiciness is what sets it apart and has made it a sensation in the chilli community.

The Science Behind the Heat: Capsaicin and SHU

The heat of a chilli pepper is measured in Scoville Heat Units (SHU), a scale that quantifies the concentration of capsaicinoids—the active components that give chillies their heat. With a peak of 3,180,000 SHU, Pepper X’s extreme heat is due to its exceptionally high capsaicin levels. Capsaicin binds to the pain receptors in the mouth and throat, creating a sensation of burning. This effect is perceived by the body as pain, which in turn releases endorphins, creating a "chilli high" that some people find addictive.

To put Pepper X’s heat into perspective, it is more than 300 times hotter than a jalapeño pepper and significantly hotter than a habanero or even the Carolina Reaper. Eating Pepper X is a serious challenge that requires caution. Those who have tried it describe intense burning, sweating, and even a rush of adrenaline. It is certainly not for the faint-hearted.

The Carolina Reaper: The Former Champion

Before Pepper X claimed the title, the Carolina Reaper reigned as the world's hottest chilli for nearly a decade. Developed by Ed Currie in the early 2010s, the Carolina Reaper averaged 1,641,183 SHU and peaked at over 2,200,000 SHU. It was a cross between a Pakistani Naga pepper and a Red Habanero, combining intense heat with a surprisingly fruity flavour.

The Carolina Reaper was not just known for its heat but also for its distinctive appearance, with a bright red colour and a small "stinger" at the bottom. It became a favourite among hot sauce makers and chilli challenge enthusiasts.

Other Contenders in the Race for the World’s Hottest Chilli

While Pepper X now holds the title, the race for the hottest chilli continues, with other contenders pushing the boundaries of heat:

1. Dragon’s Breath (up to 2,480,000 SHU): Created by Mike Smith, a farmer in Wales, in collaboration with scientists at Nottingham Trent University, Dragon’s Breath was once rumoured to be the next record holder. Although it has not been officially tested for Guinness World Records certification, it remains a serious competitor in the super-hot chilli world.
2. Apollo Pepper (3,000,000+ SHU): Another pepper from Ed Currie, the Apollo Pepper is another super-hot contender developed with a similar crossbreeding approach as Pepper X. It is often used in the hot sauce "The Last Dab Apollo," popularised by the YouTube show "Hot Ones."
3. Trinidad Moruga Scorpion (up to 2,009,231 SHU): Originating from Trinidad and Tobago, this chilli was once considered the hottest in the world. It has a slow-building heat that lingers and remains one of the most intense peppers you can experience.
4. 7 Pot Douglah (1,853,936 SHU): Known for its chocolate-coloured skin and extreme heat, the 7 Pot Douglah is another favourite in the chilli world. Its heat is matched by its rich flavour, making it popular among hot sauce creators.

Why Are People Obsessed with Super-Hot Chillies?

The fascination with super-hot chillies goes beyond a mere love of spice. For some, it’s the thrill of pushing their limits, while for others, it’s the sense of accomplishment that comes with surviving a truly fiery experience. Chilli challenges, hot sauce tastings, and extreme eating contests have become popular forms of entertainment, with participants and spectators alike enjoying the spectacle of watching someone handle the heat.

Furthermore, super-hot chillies like Pepper X have found a niche market in the food industry. Hot sauces, snacks, and even sweets infused with these chillies have become popular among those seeking the ultimate heat experience.

How to Safely Handle and Eat the Hottest Chillies

While trying the hottest chillies can be an exciting experience, it’s essential to approach it with caution. When handling super-hot chillies, it’s advisable to wear gloves to avoid getting capsaicin on your skin, which can cause burning sensations. It’s also important to avoid touching your face, particularly your eyes, after handling chillies.

If you’re brave enough to eat Pepper X or any other super-hot chilli, have milk, yoghurt, or another dairy product nearby. Capsaicin is fat-soluble, so dairy products can help soothe the burn more effectively than water.

Conclusion: The Heat Race Continues

With Pepper X now officially the hottest chilli in the world, the race for the spiciest pepper is more intense than ever. As new contenders emerge and breeders continue to push the boundaries of heat, it will be fascinating to see who claims the top spot next. Whether you’re a chilli connoisseur or just someone who loves a bit of spice, the world of super-hot chillies offers an exhilarating and fiery adventure that continues to evolve.